Pengaruh Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja, Upah Minimum, Rata-Rata Lama Sekolah, dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35870/emt.v10i4.7159Keywords:
Open Unemployment Rate, Labour Force Participation Rate, Minimum Wage, Average Years Of Schooling, Economic GrowthAbstract
The high open unemployment rate in East Kalimantan Province reflects the structural imbalance of the labour market. This study aims to analyse the effect of the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), Minimum Wage, Average Years of Schooling (AYS), and Economic Growth on the Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) across regencies and cities in East Kalimantan Province. This study uses panel data from 10 regencies and cities over the period 2017 to 2025, obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of East Kalimantan Province. The data were analysed using panel data regression with the Common Effect Model (CEM) as the selected estimation approach, based on the Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lagrange Multiplier Test. The results indicate that LFPR has a positive and significant effect on OUR; Minimum Wage has a negative and significant effect on OUR; AYS has a positive and significant effect on OUR; and Economic Growth has a negative and significant effect on OUR. The coefficient of determination (R2) shows that the four independent variables explain 64.84% of the variation in OUR in East Kalimantan. These findings suggest that labour market policies must address the mismatch between education output and industry demand, and that inclusive economic growth is essential for reducing open unemployment in resource-dependent regions.
Downloads
References
Aisyaturridho, T., Tanjung, A. A., & Hawariyuni, W. (2021). Analisis pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, upah minimum dan indeks pembangunan manusia terhadap tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia. Jurnal Samudra Ekonomika, 5(2), 114–124.
Atunnisa’, T. M., Salwa, M. Z. A., & Wijaya, M. B. (2024). Analisis pengaruh tingkat pengangguran terbuka, rata-rata lama sekolah dan upah minimum terhadap penduduk miskin di Jawa Timur tahun 2023. Buletin Ekonomika Pembangunan, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.21107/bep.v5i2.26314.
Darmawan, A. S., & Mifrahi, M. N. (2022). Analisis tingkat pengangguran terbuka di Indonesia periode sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 1(1), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.20885/jkek.vol1.iss1.art11.
Faizah, U. N., & Woyanti, N. (2023). Analisis pengaruh pendidikan, partisipasi kerja, dan upah minimum terhadap pengangguran di Provinsi Banten tahun 2011-2020. BISECER (Business Economic Entrepreneurship), 6(1), 48–61.
Fikri, I., & Alianis. (2023). Pengaruh upah, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan inflasi terhadap pengangguran di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 5(1), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v5i1.14419.
Juhro, S., & Trisnanto, B. (2018). Paradigma dan model pertumbuhan ekonomi endogen Indonesia. In Publication-Bi.
Kartika, R., & Muslim, I. (2021). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengangguran di Indonesia. Abstract of Undergraduate Research, Faculty of Economics, Bung Hatta University, 19(No. 3), 64–66.
Mankiw, N. G. (2018). Pengantar ekonomi makro (Edisi 7). Salemba Empat.
Maylapattra, A., & Fauzia, A. (2023). Pengaruh kualitas pendidikan terhadap tingkat pengangguran di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2017-2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Indonesia, 5(2), 123–134.
Nababan, A., Waimbo, D. E., & Maspaitella, M. R. (2023). Pengaruh angkatan kerja dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap tingkat pengangguran terbuka di Provinsi Papua Barat tahun 2017-2021. Lensa Ekonomi, 16(02), 320. https://doi.org/10.30862/lensa.v16i02.253.
Pratama, F. W., & Setyowati, E. (2022). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengangguran terdidik lulusan universitas di Indonesia tahun 2005-2021. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 6(2), 662. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v6i2.601.
Saputra, M. I., Rafi, M., Harahap, R. M., Jaya, M. G. P., Fareza, N., Ramadhan, M. D., Pratama, M. D., & Ramadhan, R. F. (2025). Studi tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat pengangguran pemuda di negara-negara maju. Journal of Economics and Business, 3(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.61994/econis.v3i1.553.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital (Number One). In Nuclear Medicine Communications, 17(5), 400–409.
Sifriyani, S., Ilmi, H., & Mar’ah, Z. (2021). Application of nonparametric geographically weighted spline regression model for spatial mapping of open unemployment rate in Kalimantan. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2123(1), 12038. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2123/1/012038.
Simbolon, C. M., Karo, R. U. K., Daffa, D. S., & Hidayat, N. (2023). Analisis pengaruh IPM, UMP dan tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja terhadap pengangguran terbuka di Indonesia. Journal of Social and Economics Research, 5(2), 451–463.
Sulistyono, N. B. E., Warsito, H., Lestari, D., Pristiwaningsih, E. R., & Dhamayanthi, W. (2024). Seberapa mampu keterampilan bisnis mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi? Journal of Business Management, 2(1), 28–31. https://doi.org/10.47134/jobm.v2i1.17.
Tumilaar, T. V., Maramis, M. T. B., & Siwu, H. F. D. (2022). Pengaruh jumlah penduduk, pendidikan, dan upah minimum terhadap tingkat pengangguran terbuka di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 22(5), 61–72.
Zuliasari, S., & Rachmawati, L. (2021). Analisis pengaruh PDRB, jumlah penduduk, upah minimum terhadap pengangguran di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Jawa Timur. Independent Journal of Economics, 1(1), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.26740/independent.v1n1.p105-119.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Winanda Adi Prasetya, Mohammad Wahed
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Copyright Retention and Open Access License
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal non-exclusive right of first publication under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
This license allows unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2. Rights Granted Under CC BY 4.0
Under this license, readers are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use
- No additional restrictions — the licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as license terms are followed
3. Attribution Requirements
All uses must include:
- Proper citation of the original work
- Link to the Creative Commons license
- Indication if changes were made to the original work
- No suggestion that the licensor endorses the user or their use
4. Additional Distribution Rights
Authors may:
- Deposit the published version in institutional repositories
- Share through academic social networks
- Include in books, monographs, or other publications
- Post on personal or institutional websites
Requirement: All additional distributions must maintain the CC BY 4.0 license and proper attribution.
5. Self-Archiving and Pre-Print Sharing
Authors are encouraged to:
- Share pre-prints and post-prints online
- Deposit in subject-specific repositories (e.g., arXiv, bioRxiv)
- Engage in scholarly communication throughout the publication process
6. Open Access Commitment
This journal provides immediate open access to all content, supporting the global exchange of knowledge without financial, legal, or technical barriers.
