The Influence of Intellectual Capital, GCG, and ROA on Bank Performance

Authors

  • Suseno Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto
  • Fachrun Nissa Akademi Manajemen Informatika dan Komputer Universal
  • Nurul Yaqin Universitas Amal Ilmiah Yapis Wamena
  • Susanti Budiastuti Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto
  • Guntoro Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35870/emt.v8i4.3297

Keywords:

Intellectual Capital, Good Corporate Governance, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Financial Performance, Islamic Commercial Banks

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Intellectual Capital, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on financial performance. This research adopts a quantitative approach with panel data regression analysis. The theoretical foundation is established through a review of relevant literature from journal articles and books. The study utilizes numerical data derived from secondary sources, specifically financial reports obtained through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study population comprises Islamic commercial banks listed on the IDX from 2017 to 2022. Using a purposive sampling technique, 54 samples from 9 Islamic commercial banks were selected. Data analysis was conducted using EViews 10 software, applying the Random Effect Model (REM). The findings reveal that Intellectual Capital, GCG, and CAR significantly impact the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks listed on the IDX between 2017 and 2022. This study provides valuable insights into the financial health of banks, categorized into safe, gray, or distressed zones, thereby offering practical implications for Islamic commercial banks.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Suseno, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto,

    Accounting Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia

  • Fachrun Nissa, Akademi Manajemen Informatika dan Komputer Universal,

    Tax Accounting Study Program, Akademi Manajemen Informatika dan Komputer Universal, Medan City, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia

  • Nurul Yaqin, Universitas Amal Ilmiah Yapis Wamena,

    Universitas Amal Ilmiah Yapis Wamena, Jayawijaya Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia

  • Susanti Budiastuti, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto,

    Accounting Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia

  • Guntoro, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto,

    Accounting Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Satria Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia

References

Aisyah, S., Hariadi, B., & Mardiati, E. (2021). The effect of Islamic intellectual capital, corporate governance, and corporate social responsibility disclosure on maqashid sharia performance, with reputation as a moderating variable. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(4), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1233

Aristama, F., Hanif, H., Iqbal, M., & Wardi, F. (2024). The effect of Islamic corporate governance, current ratio, total asset turnover and intellectual capital on profitability (Study on Sharia commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the 2018-2022 period). Al-Kharaj: Journal of Islamic Economic and Business, 6(1), 56–81. https://doi.org/10.24256/kharaj.v6i1.4973

Astuti, P., & Raharja, S. (2024). Islamic social reporting, intellectual capital, and corporate governance influence on maqashid sharia performance: A case study of Sharia banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, Dan Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 393–407. https://doi.org/10.30588/jmp.v13i2.1664

Asutay, M., & Ubaidillah. (2024). Examining the impact of intellectual capital performance on financial performance in Islamic banks. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01114-1

Cahya, B. T., Hidayanti, P. W., Kholis, N., & Hanifah, U. (2022). Disclosure of Islamic ethical identity, Islamic intellectual capital, company size, and financial performance of Sharia banking. Juara: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi, 12(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.36733/juara.v12i1.3700

Dewi, G. K., Yani, I. F., Kalbuana, N., & Tho’in, M. (2021). Pengaruh GCG, leverage, pengungkapan CSR terhadap performance financial pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia dengan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi. JIEI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 7(3), 1740–1751.

Ekinci, R., & Poyraz, G. (2019). The effect of credit risk on financial performance of deposit banks in Turkey. Procedia Computer Science, 158, 979–987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.139

Fajriah, Y., & Jumady, E. (2022). Good corporate governance and corporate social responsibility on company value with financial performance. Jurnal Akuntansi, 26(2), 324–341. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v26i2.944

Fauziah, D. R., & Andriani. (2021). The influence of intellectual capital on the financial performance of Sharia public bank Indonesia in 2019–2021. Balance: Journal of Islamic Accounting, 4(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.21274/balance

Gasperz, J., Sososutiksno, C., & Limba, F. B. (2022). Good company governance and risk management on company value with bank performance. Jurnal Akuntansi, 26(3), 531–547. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v26i3.1040

Harisa, E., Adam, M., & Meutia, I. (2019). Effect of quality of good corporate governance disclosure, leverage, and firm size on profitability of Islamic commercial banks. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 9(4), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.8157

Haryadi, Arum, E. D. P., & Lubis, T. A. (2020). Investigation of profit sharing and financial performance to profit distribution management. Eurasia: Economics & Business, 5(35), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.18551/econeurasia.2020-05%0AUDC

Ishak, B. P., Mariyanti, T., & Jayaprawira, A. R. (2021). Determination profitability of Islamic banks with exchange rate as moderating variable. JIESS: Journal of Islamic Economics and Social Science, 2(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.22441/jiess.2021.v2i1.003

Khairiah, N., & Inayah, N. (2023). The effect of implementing good corporate governance (GCG) on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Accounting and Sustainability, 2(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.58968/as.v2i2.344

Kusumastuti, W. I., & Alam, A. (2019). Analysis of impact of CAR, NPF, BOPO on profitability of Islamic banks (Year 2015-2017). Journal of Islamic Economic Laws, 2(1), 30–59. https://doi.org/10.23917/jisel.v2i1.6370

Mayunita, N. (2017). Analisis pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah (Studi pada perbankan umum syariah yang terdaftar di BI tahun 2012-2016). Jimmu: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, II(2), 44–65.

Muhammad, R., Mangawing, M. A., & Salsabilla, S. (2021). The influence of intellectual capital and corporate governance on financial performance of Islamic banks. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 7(1), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol7.iss1.art6

Muhibddin, M., & Mufraini, M. A. (2022). Intellectual capital and good corporate governance structure on financial performance at Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. Al-Insyiroh: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 8(1), 149–167. https://doi.org/10.35309/alinsyiroh.v8i1.5235

Muliadi, S., Sulasmi, S., Susanti, S., Santoso, A., & Yanti, E. M. (2023). Determinants of financial performance in Islamic insurance companies moderated by good corporate governance. JAS (Jurnal Akuntansi Syariah), 7(2), 219–236. https://doi.org/10.46367/jas.v7i2.1561

Ningsih, S., & Dewi, M. W. (2020). Analisis pengaruh rasio NPL, BOPO dan CAR terhadap kinerja keuangan pada bank umum konvensional yang terdaftar di BEI. JAP: Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Pajak, 21(1), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.29040/jap.v21i1.1159

Nurhikmah, S., & Rahim, R. (2021). Pengaruh faktor keuangan dan non keuangan terhadap financial sustainability ratio perbankan. Journal of Management and Business Review, 18(1), 25–47. https://doi.org/10.34149/jmbr.v18i1.214

O’Connell, M. (2023). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability: Evidence from the UK. Studies in Economics and Finance, 40(1), 155–174. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-10-2021-0413

Praptiningsih, P., Nastiti, H., & Nopiyanti, A. (2022). Analysis of corporate governance, intellectual capital, and financial performance using conventional methods and Maqashid Sharia Index (MSI) on the implementation of sustainable finance in Sharia banking in Indonesia. Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting, 3(4), 391–411. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v3i4.1430

Purwati, P., Kasdi, A., & Rokhman, W. (2022). Influence of intellectual capital, profit sharing ratio and zakat performance ratio on financial performance of Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia 2015-2019 periods. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 8(1), 838–847. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v8i1.4150

Putri, M. (2022). The effect of CAR, NPL, NIM, and LDR on financial performance on banking companies listed in IDX. JPENSI: Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi, 7(2), 298–313.

Quan, L. J., Ramasamy, S., Rasiah, D., Yen, Y. Y., & Pillay, S. D. (2019). Determinants of Islamic banking performance: An empirical study in Malaysia (2007 to 2016). Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews, 7(6), 380–401. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7664

Qur’anna, I. A., & Khoiriyah, R. (2024). The effect of Alma relationship implementation on Sharia banking in Indonesia. Islamic Banking: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pengembangan Perbankan Syariah, 9(2), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.36908/isbank.v9i2.1006

Rusmawan, R. I. N., Setiawan, I., & Ruhadi, R. (2023). The effect of intellectual capital on financial performance with corporate social responsibility as moderating variable: Studies on Islamic commercial banks. Indonesian Journal of Economics and Management, 3(2), 439–449. https://doi.org/10.35313/ijem.v3i2.4879

Saragih, A. E., & Sihombing, U. T. (2021). Pengaruh intellectual capital, good corporate governance, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. JRAK: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Keuangan, 7(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.54367/jrak.v7i1.1133

Siswanti, I., & Cahaya, Y. F. (2019). Determinan of sustainable business factors of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The International Journal of Accounting and Business Society, 27(2), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijabs.2019.27.2.7

Siswanti, I., Yusoff, Y. M., Cahaya, Y. F., & Prowanta, E. (2023). The role of risk financing, intellectual capital and corporate governance on performance Islamic banks in Indonesia (Issue Bicemba). Atlantis Press International BV. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-328-3_30

Sjam, D., & Canggih, C. (2022). Analisis kinerja keuangan bank umum syariah melalui pendekatan Islamicity performance index. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 8(02), 1181–1195. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v7i2.2253

Sjarief, L., Ghoni, M. A., & Affandi, M. T. (2023). The role of financial performance on the profitability of Indonesian Islamic banks. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 277–285. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol9.iss2.art9

Tho’in, M. (2019). Profitability of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. Management and Economics Journal, 6(2), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.19105/iqtishadia.v6i2.2429

Yudha, A. M. (2021). Pengaruh intellectual capital, ukuran perusahaan, CSR, dan struktur kepemilikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI. Journal of Information System, Applied, Management, Accounting and Research, 5(2), 505–522. https://doi.org/10.52362/jisamar.v5i2

Zahrawani, D. R., & Sholikhah, N. (2021). Analisis penerapan good corporate governance (GCG) dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja lembaga bank syariah. JIEI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 7(03), 1799–1818.

Zaidanin, J. S. Al. (2020). A study on financial performance of the Jordanian commercial banks using the CAMEL model and panel data approach. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, 9(4), 111–130. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v9i4.978

Downloads

Published

2024-10-31

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 4 (2024): OCTOBER 2024

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Suseno, Fachrun Nissa, Nurul Yaqin, Susanti Budiastuti, Guntoro

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1. Copyright Retention and Open Access License

Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal non-exclusive right of first publication under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

This license allows unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

2. Rights Granted Under CC BY 4.0

Under this license, readers are free to:

  • Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
  • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use
  • No additional restrictions — the licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as license terms are followed

3. Attribution Requirements

All uses must include:

  • Proper citation of the original work
  • Link to the Creative Commons license
  • Indication if changes were made to the original work
  • No suggestion that the licensor endorses the user or their use

4. Additional Distribution Rights

Authors may:

  • Deposit the published version in institutional repositories
  • Share through academic social networks
  • Include in books, monographs, or other publications
  • Post on personal or institutional websites

Requirement: All additional distributions must maintain the CC BY 4.0 license and proper attribution.

5. Self-Archiving and Pre-Print Sharing

Authors are encouraged to:

  • Share pre-prints and post-prints online
  • Deposit in subject-specific repositories (e.g., arXiv, bioRxiv)
  • Engage in scholarly communication throughout the publication process

6. Open Access Commitment

This journal provides immediate open access to all content, supporting the global exchange of knowledge without financial, legal, or technical barriers.

How to Cite

Suseno, Nissa, F., Yaqin, N., Budiastuti, S., & Guntoro. (2024). The Influence of Intellectual Capital, GCG, and ROA on Bank Performance. Jurnal EMT KITA, 8(4), 1626-1638. https://doi.org/10.35870/emt.v8i4.3297

Most read articles by the same author(s)