Pengaruh Tingkat Aglomerasi Industri dan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Pulau Sumatera Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam Tahun 2020-2023

Abstract

Inequality in development is a fundamental issue that needs to be continuously minimized as much as possible. Efforts that can be made include equitable development across regions and creating as many job opportunities as possible. This research aims to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration levels and the number of workers on income inequality in Sumatra Island from the perspective of Islamic economics during the period of 2020 - 2023. This type of research is quantitative, utilizing secondary data in the form of panel data by combining time series and cross-sectional data. The time series data in this study covers the last four years, namely 2020 - 2023, while the cross-sectional data includes 10 provinces on Sumatra Island. The data is processed using panel data analysis and Random Effect Model regression with Eviews 10 software. The analysis results indicate that the level of industrial agglomeration in Sumatra Island has a positive effect on income inequality; however, this effect is not statistically significant. Meanwhile, the number of workers shows a negative effect on income inequality, but it is also not statistically significant, indicating that an increase in the number of workers does not necessarily contribute directly to income distribution across all provinces in Sumatra. Simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on income inequality, suggesting that the factors of industrial agglomeration and the number of workers together influence this inequality. From the perspective of Islamic economics, these results emphasize the importance of applying principles of social justice such as zakat, infak, sadaqah, waqf, and fair wealth distribution as strategies to reduce income inequality.

Keywords

Industrial Agglomeration; Labor; Income Inequality