Abstract
Competition in Indonesia’s internet service market has intensified customers’ Switching Intention toward IndiHome, mainly due to recurring network disruptions and the perception that alternative providers offer better service quality. This study aims to examine the effects of service dissatisfaction and attractiveness of alternatives on switching intention, with switching costs acting as a moderating variable within the Push–Pull–Mooring (PPM) framework. Adopting a quantitative causal approach, the study employed Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS 4.0. Data were collected from 200 active IndiHome customers in Indonesia through purposive sampling. A five-point Likert scale was used to measure the variables. The results reveal that service dissatisfaction and attractiveness of alternatives exert positive and significant influences on switching intention. Switching costs not only serve as a significant direct predictor but also play a substantial moderating role. Specifically, the interaction between switching costs and service dissatisfaction strengthens the effect of dissatisfaction on switching intention, whereas the interaction between switching costs and attractiveness of alternatives weakens the impact of alternative attractiveness on switching intention. In addition, switching costs demonstrate a significant negative direct effect on switching intention.These findings confirm that push, pull, and mooring factors collectively influence IndiHome customers’ switching intention.
Article Details
How to Cite
Citation FormatReferences
27 References- Bansal, H. S., Taylor, S. F., & James, Y. S. (2005). “Migrating” to new service providers: Toward a unifying framework of consumers’ switching behaviors. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 33(1), 96–115. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070304267928.
- Burnham, T. A., Frels, J. K., & Mahajan, V. (2003). Consumer switching costs: A typology, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(2), 109–126. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070302250897.
- Calderon, A. A. (2025). Digital payments and their role in enhancing financial transactions efficiency. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 15(1), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.17555.
- Chang, P.-C., & Chiu, Y.-P. (2023). Factors influencing switching intention and customer retention of over-the-top (OTT) viewing behavior in Taiwan: The push–pull–mooring model. Emerging Media, 1(2), 196–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/27523543231210140.
- Duy Hung, P., Thong, V. H., Van Tuan, P., Dang Khoa, N. H., & Trang, N. Q. (2024). Switching intention to online channel in Vietnam: A case study of consumer electronics goods. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2291861.
- Fan, L., Zhang, X., Rai, L., & Du, Y. (2021). Mobile payment: The next frontier of payment systems? An empirical study based on push-pull-mooring framework. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(2), 155–169. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-18762021000200111.
- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7.
- Haridasan, A. C., Fernando, A. G., & Balakrishnan, S. (2021). Investigation of consumers’ cross-channel switching intentions: A push-pull-mooring approach. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 20(5), 1092–1112. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1918.
- Jo, H., & Park, D. H. (2023). A study of user switching intention for ERP systems based on push-pull-mooring model: Focusing on the important role of information quality for users. PLoS ONE, 18(11), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289483.
- Juanjuan, Z., & Rasiah, R. (2025). Factors influencing customers’ switching intentions to new energy vehicles based on the push-pull mooring model using SEM-ANN approach in Shanxi, China. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12945-0.
- Keaveney, S. M. (1995). Customer switching behavior in service industries: An exploratory study. Journal of Marketing, 59(2), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299505900206.
- Krishnan, G., & Raghuram, J. N. V. (2024). Exploring factors and contextual applications of the push-pull mooring (PPM) framework in switching intention: A systematic literature review. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024003.
- Lin, X., Chien, S. W., Hung, C. W., Chen, S. C., & Ruangkanjanases, A. (2021). The impact of switching intention of telelearning in COVID-19 epidemic’s era: The perspective of push-pull-mooring theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(July), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.639589.
- Linlin, Z., & Yeap, J. A. L. (2024). Developing a model of switching intention in live streaming commerce platforms: A PPM perspective. Global Business & Management Research, 16(4), 200–209.
- Marx, T. (2024). The push-pull-mooring model of consumer service switching: A meta-analytical review to guide future research. Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 35(7), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTP-06-2024-0201.
- Muhamad Syaeful Anwar, & Lely Afiati. (2024). Niat beralih penggunaan smartphone: Mengintegrasikan kerangka kerja dorong-tarik-tambat. Jurnal Lentera Bisnis, 13(3), 1717–1734. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v13i3.1218.
- Nguyen, Q. D., van Nguyen, K., & Sakulyeva, T. (2021). An analysis of consumer trends in the telecommunications markets of Russia and Vietnam. Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, 9(3), 87–109. https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n3.366.
- Seta, H. B., Theresiawati, Niqotaini, Z., Trahira, J. I., & Assegaf, N. N. (2025). Push-pull-mooring theory and the moderating effect of inertia on switching intention to mobile learning. International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 9(5), 1881–1893. https://doi.org/10.62527/joiv.9.5.2867.
- Stefanus Kembau, A., Henrietta, N., Mandey, J., Feiters Tampinongkol, F., Justino, R., & Makarawung, N. (2025). Why do Indonesian users remain loyal to digital subscriptions? Examining endowment effect, commitment bias, hedonic motivation, and switching costs. Asian Journal of Logistics Management, 4(1), 31–50.
- Tanuwijaya, E., & Oktavia, T. (2023). Analysis of the factors influencing customer switching behaviour of the millennials in digital banks. Journal of System and Management Sciences, 13(2), 122–133. https://doi.org/10.33168/JSMS.2023.0209.
- Teguh, C., Salim, L., Katolik, U., Atma, I., & Fadila, R. (2025). Analysis of the influence of push, pull and mooring effects on switching intention (study on participants of the national health insurance program). LOCUS JOURNAL: Research & Devotion, 4(4), 1532–1547. https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v4i4.3986.
- Widodo, T., & Jauhari, R. (2023). The influence of the service quality dimension on attitudinal loyalty and behavioral loyalty moderated by the level of internet usage and switching costs (study case on Indihome in Indonesia). Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis & Entrepreneurship, 17(1), 68–85. https://doi.org/10.55208/75m7nz21.
- Wiranatakusuma, D. B., Wahyudi, A. F., Muttaqin, E. I., & Aprizal, A. (2024). Analysis of switching intention in digital payment services: Case study of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. SHS Web of Conferences, 201, 01007. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202420101007.
- Wulan, R., & Purwaningsih, S. S. (2022). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku (studi kasus produk Indihome di wilayah Bandung Raya). Applied Business and Administration Journal, 1(3), 112–127. https://doi.org/10.62201/b63t3374.
- Ye, D., Liu, F., Cho, D., & Jia, Z. (2022). Investigating switching intention of e-commerce live streaming users. Heliyon, 8(10), e11145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11145.
- Yoon, C., & Lim, D. (2021). Customers’ intentions to switch to internet-only banks: Perspective of the push-pull-mooring model. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(14), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13148062.
- Zikri, F., Septrizola, W., & Padang, U. N. (2024). The influence of dissatisfaction, alternative attractiveness, switching cost, and subjective norm on switching intention of Samsung smartphone users in Padang City. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal, 6(2), 1356–1370. https://doi.org/10.37385/msej.v6i2.7440.
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Carissa Dwi Ananta, Heriyadi Heriyadi, Ahmadi Ahmadi, Wenny Pebrianti, Harry Setiawan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation in any medium (even commercially), provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated. Authors retain copyright without restrictions and grant the journal the right of first publication as well as non-exclusive publishing rights for archiving, indexing, and scholarly dissemination.
Downloads
OJS UsageStats PluginMost read articles by the same author(s)
- Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Social Media Influencer terhadap Minat Investasi Generasi Z: Peran Financial Self-Efficacy sebagai Variabel Moderasi Devita Agustina, Heriyadi Heriyadi, Uray Ndaru Mustika, Mustaruddin Mustaruddin, Anwar Azazi · Vol. 12 No. 5 (2026): Oktober 2026
- The Influence Of Korean Wave, Price Perception, And Perceived Quality On Repurchase Intention: The Mediating Role Of Customer Satisfaction In Indomie Korean Ramyeon Stephani Priska Aichen, Giriati Giriati, Wenny Pebrianti, Heriyadi Heriyadi, Ahmadi Ahmadi · Vol. 12 No. 4 (2026): Agustus 2026
- The Influence Of Perceived Enjoyment, Electronic Word Of Mouth, And Social Influence On Robux Purchase Intention With Attitude As A Mediating Variable On Roblox Players In Indonesia Muhammad Ari Nugraha, Yulyanti Fahruna, Ahmadi Ahmadi, Wenny Pebrianti, Harry Setiawan · Vol. 12 No. 4 (2026): Agustus 2026
- The Impact Of Local Fried Chicken Attractiveness And Brand Prestige On Repurchase Intention Toward Western Fried Chicken Fast-Food Through Customer Satisfaction Denzel Sudjono, Heriyadi Heriyadi, Bintoro Bagus Purmono, Wenny Pebrianti, Ahmadi Ahmadi · Vol. 12 No. 4 (2026): Agustus 2026
- Navigating Sustainable Fashion: The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Purchase Intention Through Brand Engagement and Brand Image in UNIQLO’s RE.UNIQLO Recycled Fashion in Indonesia Veneranda Baby Viola Tio, Mustaruddin Mustaruddin, Ana Fitriana, Erna Listiana, Ahmadi Ahmadi · Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): Juni 2026
Recommended Articles
Journal Transparency
Additional InformationLearn more about how this journal ensures quality, ethics, and transparency.