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Tantangan Implementasi UNCLOS 1982 dalam Penanggulangan IUU Fishing dan Overfishing di Indonesia

  • Muhammad Sajidin1*
  • Eni Susanti2
  • Danar Hafidz Adi Wardhana3
  • Khurin Nabilah4
  • Mu'min Mu'min5
  • Dwi Rianisa Mausili6
1,2,3,4,5,6 West Sulawesi University image/svg+xml
* Corresponding Author: Muhammad Sajidin

Abstract

The management of fishery resources in the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEEI) is based on sovereign rights guaranteed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982. However, the implementation of this legal framework faces fundamental obstacles in overcoming Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing and overfishing. This study aims to analyze the challenges of the implementation of UNCLOS 1982 in sustainable fisheries management and the effectiveness of law enforcement in the ZEEI. The methods used are legal research with a statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach, which are complemented by factual analysis of enforcement data. The results of the study found that there is a dynamic trend of foreign vessel enforcement (Table 1), which shows a shift in the pattern of violations and supervision from the archipelagic waters/territorial sea area to the EEZ area. In addition, it was found that there is a gap between the determination of the total allowable catch quota and law enforcement in the field which is constrained by imprisonment based on Article 73 paragraph (3) of UNCLOS 1982, the extent of the water area, the limitation of patrol fleets, and the migratory nature of fish stocks across jurisdictional boundaries. The novelty of this research lies in the mapping of a harmonized model of maritime law enforcement that integrates the strengthening of regulations based on scientific data, the use of integrated monitoring technology, as well as a reasonable bond scheme and administrative fines as a solution to the limitations of imposing prison penalties in ZEEI.

Keywords

IUU Fishing; Overfishing; UNCLOS 1982; ZEE

How to Cite

Citation Format
Sajidin, M., Susanti, E., Wardhana, D. H. A., Nabilah, K., Mu'min, M., & Mausili, D. R. (2026). Tantangan Implementasi UNCLOS 1982 dalam Penanggulangan IUU Fishing dan Overfishing di Indonesia. LANCAH: Jurnal Inovasi Dan Tren, 4(2), 1174-1188. https://doi.org/10.35870/ljit.v4i2.8979

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Sajidin, West Sulawesi University

Prodi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik dan Hukum, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia

Eni Susanti, West Sulawesi University

Prodi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik dan Hukum, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia

Danar Hafidz Adi Wardhana, West Sulawesi University

Prodi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik dan Hukum, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia

Khurin Nabilah, West Sulawesi University

Prodi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik dan Hukum, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia

Mu'min Mu'min, West Sulawesi University

Prodi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik dan Hukum, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia

Dwi Rianisa Mausili, West Sulawesi University

Prodi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik dan Hukum, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Sajidin, Eni Susanti, Danar Hafidz Adi Wardhana, Khurin Nabilah, Mu'min Mu'min, Dwi Rianisa Mausili

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This is an open-access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation in any medium (even commercially), provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated. Authors retain copyright without restrictions and grant the journal the right of first publication as well as non-exclusive publishing rights for archiving, indexing, and scholarly dissemination.

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