Abstract
Teacher professional collaboration is essential for improving elementary-school learning, but meeting time alone does not automatically produce collegial work. This action research examined how collaboration developed through professional learning and transformational instructional leadership at SDN Petungasri 1 Pandaan. The study involved the principal as researcher, 18 teachers, and two observers. Five cycles were implemented from April to June 2026, progressing from pedagogical problem discussion and authentic joint work to peer-led digital learning, phase-group curriculum planning, and coaching of CP-TP-ATP documents. Data came from observation sheets, field notes, reflective journals, minutes, documentation, and teachers' work products. A four-category ordinal rating scale (1-4) was used only as descriptive support. Professional collaboration increased from 1.61 in Cycle I to 3.84 in Cycle V, professional learning from 1.83 to 3.86, and leadership from 2.29 to 3.85. Change was not linear. Qualitative evidence showed a shift from limited communication toward joint planning, professional trust, peer feedback, coaching, and collective revision. Authentic professional learning and enabling leadership created conditions for stronger teacher collaboration.
Article Details
How to Cite
Citation FormatReferences
19 References- Admiraal, W., Schenke, W., De Jong, L., & Emmelot, Y. (2019). School as professional learning communities: What can schools do to support professional development of their teachers? Professional Development in Education, 47(4), 684-698. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2019.1665573
- Durksen, T. L., Klassen, R. M., & Daniels, L. M. (2017). Motivation and collaboration: The keys to a developmental framework for teachers' professional learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 67, 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.05.011
- Hadi, S., Purnomo, Imron, A., Pristian, R., Ranu, M. E., & Jamil, A. S. (2024). Adapted integrated transformational-instructional leadership behaviors: Construct validity and perceptions among teachers and principals in Indonesian vocational schools. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 109, 214-235. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2024.109.013
- Hallinger, P. (2011). Leadership for learning: Lessons from 40 years of empirical research. Journal of Educational Administration, 49(2), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578231111116699
- Hallinger, P., & Kulophas, D. (2020). The evolving knowledge base on leadership and teacher professional learning: A bibliometric analysis of the literature, 1960-2018. Professional Development in Education, 46(4), 521-540. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2019.1623287
- Hargreaves, A., & O'Connor, M. T. (2017). Cultures of professional collaboration: Their origins and opponents. Journal of Professional Capital and Community, 2(2), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPCC-02-2017-0004
- Hadi, S., Purnomo, P., Imron, A., Pristian, R., Ranu, M. E., & Jamil, A. S. (2024). Adapted integrated transformational-instructional leadership behaviors: Construct validity and perceptions among teachers and principals in Indonesian vocational schools. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 109, 214–235. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2024.109.013
- Hijrah, S. F. S. (2025). Kepemimpinan inovatif dan pemahaman guru terhadap Merdeka Belajar di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Didaktika Pendidikan Dasar, 9(1), 157-182. https://doi.org/10.26811/didaktika.v9i1.1785
- Iskandar, D., Suparmoko, S., & Maliki, B. I. (2026). Pengaruh pembelajaran organisasi dan kedisiplinan terhadap kinerja guru melalui prestasi guru. Jurnal Didaktika Pendidikan Dasar, 10(1), 59-84. https://doi.org/10.26811/didaktika.v10i1.1927
- Jong, L. de. (2021). Teacher professional learning and collaboration in secondary schools. ICLON, Leiden University Graduate School of Teaching.
- Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The action research planner: Doing critical participatory action research. Springer.
- Kolleck, N., Schuster, J., Hartmann, U., & Gräsel, C. (2021). Teachers' professional collaboration and trust relationships: An inferential social network analysis of teacher teams. Research in Education, 111(1), 89-107. https://doi.org/10.1177/00345237211031585
- Leithwood, K., Sun, J., & Schumacker, R. (2020). How school leadership influences student learning: A test of the four paths model. Educational Administration Quarterly, 56(4), 570-599. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X19878772
- Liu, P., & Xiu, Q. (2019). Teacher professional collaboration in China: Practices and issues. Beijing International Review of Education, 1, 162-178. https://doi.org/10.1163/25902547-00101012
- Opfer, V. D., & Pedder, D. (2011). Conceptualizing teacher professional learning. Review of Educational Research, 81(3), 376-407. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654311413609
- Penuel, W. R., Fishman, B. J., Yamaguchi, R., & Gallagher, L. P. (2007). What makes professional development effective? Strategies that foster curriculum implementation. American Educational Research Journal, 44(4), 921-958. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831207308221
- Penuel, W. R., Sun, M., Frank, K. A., & Gallagher, H. A. (2012). Using social network analysis to study how collegial interactions can augment teacher learning from external professional development. American Journal of Education, 119(1), 103-136. https://doi.org/10.1086/667756
- Sullivan, G. M., & Artino, A. R., Jr. (2013). Analyzing and interpreting data from Likert-type scales. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 5(4), 541-542. https://doi.org/10.4300/JGME-5-4-18
- Voogt, J., Laferrière, T., Breuleux, A., Itow, R. C., Hickey, D. T., & McKenney, S. (2015). Collaborative design as a form of professional development. Instructional Science, 43, 259-282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-014-9340-7
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rodiatul Istiana, Syamsul Hadi, Mardhatillah Mardhatillah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation in any medium (even commercially), provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated. Authors retain copyright without restrictions and grant the journal the right of first publication as well as non-exclusive publishing rights for archiving, indexing, and scholarly dissemination.