Konsepsi Strategis Space Command TNI Angkatan Udara: Membangun Keunggulan Operasi Udara Modern Menuju TNI AU Ampuh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35870/jemsi.v12i5.7063Keywords:
Space Command, Modern Air Operations, Space Capability, Multi-Domain Operations, TNI AU AMPUHAbstract
The strategic environment indicates that outer space has shifted from a supporting domain into a strategic domain that determines the effectiveness of modern air operations. This study aims to analyze strategic environmental developments that influence the increasing role of outer space in modern military operations, examine the current condition of the Indonesian Air Force’s space capabilities, and formulate a strategic conception for the development of the Indonesian Air Force Space Command to build modern air operational superiority toward TNI AU AMPUH. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical design through literature study, document analysis, and internal data from the Air Operations Symposium of Seskoau Student Officers Class 64 Academic Year 2026. The findings show that the Indonesian Air Force has established an initial foundation for space capability through the formation of the Koopsudnas Space Unit, preparation of personnel, staffing arrangements, formulation of a road map, and support from the national satellite research ecosystem. However, this capability has not been fully integrated across organization, human resources, facilities and infrastructure, doctrine, command and control, system security, and interinstitutional cooperation. This study concludes that the development of Space Command should be understood as an adaptive, critical, non-administrative, human-centered, integrative, and sustainable capability development process.
Downloads
References
Adiningsih, E. S. (2026). Kemandirian teknologi satelit dan infrastruktur space operation center: Sinergi sipil-militer dan pemanfaatan AI/cloud computing. Simposium Operasi Udara Pasis Seskoau A-64 TP 2026.
Australia Department of Defence. (2024). 2024 national defence strategy and 2024 integrated investment program.
Australia Department of Defence. (2026). 2026 national defence strategy and 2026 integrated investment program.
Black, J., Lucas, R., Kennedy, J., Hughes, M., & Fine, H. (2024). Command and control in the future: Concept paper 1 – Grappling with complexity. In Command and control in the future: Concept paper 1: Grappling with complexity. https://doi.org/10.7249/rra2476-1.
Bowen, B. E. (2020). War in space: Strategy, spacepower, geopolitics. Edinburgh University Press.
Brahmana, D. P., Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, Agus Sudarya, & Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq. (2024). Indonesia’s defense policy in addressing space threats in perspective of defense management. International Journal of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 3(4), 1771–1781. https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i4.755.
Calcagno, E. (2026). Taking multi-domain operations from theory to practice. Istituto Affari Internazionali, 26(01), 1–29.
Creswell, D., & Creswell, J. W. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Daulay, O. (2026). Akselerasi kapabilitas space command TNI Angkatan Udara. Simposium Operasi Udara Pasis Seskoau A-64 TP 2026.
Defense Intelligence Agency. (2022). Challenges to security in space: Space reliance in an era of competition and expansion.
Dolman, E. C. (2002). Astropolitik: Classical geopolitics in the space age. Routledge.
Douhet, G. (2019). The command of the air. Air University Press.
Gilli, A., Gilli, M., & Grgić, G. (2025). NATO, multi-domain operations and the future of the Atlantic alliance. Comparative Strategy, 44(1), 73–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2024.2445491.
Gray, C. S. (1996). The influence of space power upon history. Comparative Strategy, 15(4), 293–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495939608403082.
Japan Ministry of Defense. (2025). Outline of space domain defense guidelines: Ministry of Defense background and purpose of formulating space domain defense guidelines.
Japan Ministry of Defense. (2026). Progress and budget in fundamental reinforcement of defense capabilities: Overview of FY2026 budget.
Kaplan, E. D., & Hegarty, C. J. (2006). Understanding GPS: Principles and applications. Artech House.
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Jakgatra pertahanan negara 2020–2024. https://www.kemhan.go.id/strahan/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/JAKGARA-HANNEG-2020-2024.pdf.
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Potensi kerja sama industri pertahanan Indonesia dengan Jepang dalam new domains of warfare: Studi pustaka pada kebijakan pertahanan Indonesia dan the defense of Japan white paper 2022.
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2025). Unhan RI sukses luncurkan satelit nano Indonesia, RIDU-Sat 1.
Kleinberg, H. (2007). On war in space. Astropolitics, 5(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/14777620701544600.
Knevelsrud, H. C., Sørlie, H. O., & Valaker, S. (2024). Mission command: A self-determination theory perspective. Military Psychology, 36(6), 672–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2023.2252718.
Lambeth, B. S. (2003). Mastering the ultimate high ground: Next steps in the military uses of space. Air & Space Power Journal, 18(3).
Leftwich, J., Knopman, D., Fischbach, J., Vermeer, M., Van Abel, K., & Kalra, N. (2019). Air force capability development planning: Analytical methods to support investment decisions. https://doi.org/10.7249/rr2931.
Liwång, H., Andersson, K. E., Bang, M., Malmio, I., & Tärnholm, T. (2023). How can systemic perspectives on defence capability development be strengthened? Defence Studies, 23(3), 399–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2023.2239722.
Mayer, L. A., Kernan, M. M., Kim, Y., Shelton, W., Mignano, J. I. M., Denton, S. W., Collopy, A., Peters, H., Valkenburg, G. V. A. N., Brin, I. M., & Leuschner, K. J. (2024). Transforming capability requirements development in the United States Space Force. https://doi.org/10.7249/rra2332-1.
Meilinger, P. S. (1995). 10 propositions regarding air power. In Air Force History and Museums Program.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
NATO. (2025a). NATO’s role in capability development.
NATO. (2025b). NATO defence planning process.
NATO. (2026). Allied joint doctrine for air and space operations (AJP-3.3). In NATO standard: Vol. C (Issue 1).
Overy, R. J. (1992). Air power and the origins of deterrence theory before 1939. Journal of Strategic Studies, 15(1), 73–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402399208437474.
Pallaguna, A. (2026). Space command dalam arsitektur pertahanan negara: Integrasi operasi udara gabungan dan mitigasi ancaman cyber-space convergence. Simposium Operasi Udara Pasis Seskoau A-64 TP 2026, 1–20.
Pigeau, R., & McCann, C. (2002). Re-conceptualizing command and control. Canadian Military Journal, 3(1), 53–64.
Plevnik, M., & Vuk, P. (2025). Navigating the uncertainty of the modern environment: Multi-domain operations for the defence of small states. European Security, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2025.2540955.
Samson, V., & Brett, K. (2026). 2026 global counterspace capabilities report: An open source assessment.
Samson, V., & Cesari, L. (2025). Global counterspace capabilities report: An open source assessment.
Sekolah Staf dan Komando TNI Angkatan Udara. (2026). Notulen kegiatan simposium operasi udara Pasis Seskoau A-64 TP 2026.
Setiawan, H. (2026). Transformasi satuan antariksa. Simposium Operasi Udara Pasis Seskoau A-64 TP 2026.
TNI Angkatan Udara. (2026c). Kaskoopsudnas pimpin penyusunan road map satuan antariksa.
U.S. Air Force. (2021). Air force doctrine publication 1: The air force.
U.S. Air Force. (2022). Air force doctrine publication 3-0.1: Command and control. In The Routledge companion to environmental ethics (Issue January).
UK Ministry of Defence. (2017). Joint doctrine publication 0-30 UK air and space power (2nd ed.).
Walker, G. H., Neville A. Stanton, Paul M. Salmon, & Daniel P. Jenkins. (2009). Command and control: The sociotechnical perspective. In Command and control: The sociotechnical perspective. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315572765.
Yue, Y., & Henshaw, M. (2009). An holistic view of UK military capability development. Defense and Security Analysis, 25(1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/14751790902749900.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Enggal Augusendy, Alem Safiero, Edward E. Pattiwael, Tri Maryanto, Rezha Rahandhi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Copyright Retention and Open Access License
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal non-exclusive right of first publication under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
This license allows unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2. Rights Granted Under CC BY 4.0
Under this license, readers are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use
- No additional restrictions — the licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as license terms are followed
3. Attribution Requirements
All uses must include:
- Proper citation of the original work
- Link to the Creative Commons license
- Indication if changes were made to the original work
- No suggestion that the licensor endorses the user or their use
4. Additional Distribution Rights
Authors may:
- Deposit the published version in institutional repositories
- Share through academic social networks
- Include in books, monographs, or other publications
- Post on personal or institutional websites
Requirement: All additional distributions must maintain the CC BY 4.0 license and proper attribution.
5. Self-Archiving and Pre-Print Sharing
Authors are encouraged to:
- Share pre-prints and post-prints online
- Deposit in subject-specific repositories (e.g., arXiv, bioRxiv)
- Engage in scholarly communication throughout the publication process
6. Open Access Commitment
This journal provides immediate open access to all content, supporting the global exchange of knowledge without financial, legal, or technical barriers.
