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Abstract

Video streaming services account for a substantial proportion of global internet traffic, but the quality of user experience highly depends on the performance of the transport protocol used. This study comparatively analyzes the performance of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) in Full HD 1080p video streaming under normal and congested network conditions. The main issue addressed is how the flow control mechanism in TCP affects data delivery stability compared to the connectionless best-effort transmission mechanism of UDP during network congestion. This study employed an experimental research method by capturing network traffic using Wireshark version 4.4.2 under two testing scenarios: normal network conditions and congested network conditions. The experimental procedure consisted of network topology design, traffic generation, packet capture, QoS parameter extraction, and comparative performance evaluation of the TCP and UDP protocols. The novelty of this study lies in the direct analysis of the impact of TCP retransmission mechanisms on latency spikes in a congested local network environment. Experimental results show that UDP achieves higher throughput than TCP under both normal and congested network conditions. TCP maintains stable latency at around 14–15 ms with reliable data delivery, while UDP exhibits more fluctuating latency ranging from 10 ms to 35 ms under congested conditions. However, UDP maintains real-time video transmission despite experiencing 2.4% packet loss. Both protocols remain well below the 150 ms one-way latency threshold recommended by ITU-T G.1010 for acceptable interactive multimedia experience. Consequently, UDP is recommended for delay-sensitive live streaming because it preserves real-time transmission continuity despite moderate packet loss, whereas TCP is recommended for Video on Demand (VoD) applications because its acknowledgment and retransmission mechanisms ensure superior data integrity and visual stability.

Keywords

Video Streaming Tcp Udp Qos Throughput Latency

How to Cite

Citation Format
Livanos, N. Z., Livanos, F., & Imelda, I. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Throughput and Latency in TCP and UDP Protocols for Video Streaming Services. International Journal Software Engineering and Computer Science (IJSECS), 6(3), 954-962. https://doi.org/10.35870/ijsecs.v6i3.7664

References

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Author Biographies

Naufal Zhulian Livanos, Universitas Budi Luhur

Universitas Budi Luhur, South Jakarta City, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia.

Fetrix Livanos, Universitas Budi Luhur

Universitas Budi Luhur, South Jakarta City, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia.

Imelda Imelda, ARO Leprindo

ARO Leprindo, South Tangerang City, Banten Province, Indonesia.

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Copyright (c) 2026 Naufal Zhulian Livanos, Fetrix Livanos, Imelda Imelda

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This is an open-access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation in any medium (even commercially), provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated. Authors retain copyright without restrictions and grant the journal the right of first publication as well as non-exclusive publishing rights for archiving, indexing, and scholarly dissemination.

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