Implementation of an IoT-Based Automatic Fish Seed Counting System Using NodeMCU ESP8266 with Telegram Notifications at Srikandi Fresh Fish MSME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35870/ijsecs.v6i3.8206Keywords:
Aquaculture Technology, Automatic Fish Counter, Google Sheets, Internet of Things (IoT), NodeMCU ESP8266, Telegram BotAbstract
The counting of fish seeds at Srikandi Fresh Fish MSME is currently conducted through visual manual calculation, which is prone to human error, requires considerable operational time, and hinders accurate real-time inventory recording. To address these operational constraints, this research implemented an automated, Internet of Things (IoT)-based fish seed counting system using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller integrated with Google Sheets and a Telegram Bot service. The study utilized the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, encompassing problem identification, objective definition, architectural design and development, artifact demonstration, functional evaluation, and communication. The developed hardware prototype incorporates an infrared sensor placed along a single-lane counting mechanism to detect individual passing fish seeds, an I2C-interfaced 16×2 liquid crystal display for local output, and NodeMCU ESP8266 as the core processing and communication unit. Telemetry data are logged automatically into Google Sheets via Google Apps Script and subsequently relayed to business operators as instant mobile notifications through a dedicated Telegram Bot after an inactivity period of 30 seconds. Functional validation using black-box testing confirmed that all hardware interfaces and software automated procedures operated as intended. Across 30 experimental trials involving varying seed densities, the counting mechanism achieved an average accuracy rate of 87.01% with an overall error margin of 12.99%, primarily attributed to occasional overlapping during high-density passages. The integrated cloud system also proved reliable during continuous operation, successfully reducing manual recording delays and providing an efficient, automated inventory monitoring solution for aquaculture small businesses.
Downloads
References
Afrizal, A., & Kurniawan, D. (2023). Perancangan sistem monitoring kelembaban tanah dan otomatisasi penyiraman berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). Jurnal Teknologi Terapan dan Informasi, 5(1), 12–19.
Embedded Artistry. (2020, May 12). Introduction to I2C, SPI, and UART protocols. Embedded Artistry. https://embeddedartistry.com/article/i2c-spi-uart
Firmansyah, R., & Rahmawati, E. (2024). Implementasi mikrokontroler NodeMCU ESP8266 pada sistem keamanan rumah berbasis notifikasi Telegram. Jurnal Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi, 8(2), 105–112.
Gustia, R., Hasanah, M., Febriani, W., & Fradana, A. (2025). Perancangan smart home berbasis IoT menggunakan ESP32, Telegram dan Spreadsheet. Jurnal Pustaka AI, 5(3), 695–700. https://doi.org/10.55382/jurnalpustakaai.v5i3.1482
Hunaepi, A., Roihan, A., & Nurtursina, A. (2023). Perancangan sistem kehadiran pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32CAM. Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi (SINTEK), 3(2), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.36595/sintek.v3i2.100
Juanda, J., Firdaus, M. R., & Zakaria, M. (2023). Pakan ikan otomatis berbasis NodeMCU ESP8266 dengan setting waktu Telegram. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 4.0 (JST 4.0), 1(1), 54–60. https://jurnal.komputasi.org/index.php/jst/article/view/15
Kamal, K., Firdayanti, F., Tyas, U. M., Buckhari, A. A., & Pattasang, P. (2023). Implementasi aplikasi Arduino IDE pada mata kuliah sistem digital. TEKNOS: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi, 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.59638/teknos.v1i1.40
Mazidi, M. A., Naimi, S., & Naimi, S. (2018). The AVR microcontroller and embedded systems: Using Assembly and C. Pearson.
Nuvoton Technology Corporation. (2020). Understanding serial communication protocols: I2C, SPI, and UART (Application Note). Nuvoton Technology Corporation.
Patel, R., & Kumar, A. (2022). Comparative analysis of serial communication protocols in embedded applications. International Journal of Computer Applications, 184(15), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.5120/ijca2022922184
Pratama, A. (2023). Sistem tertanam dan protokol komunikasi serial: I2C, SPI, dan UART [Bahan ajar]. Universitas Indonesia.
Pratama, I. G. A., & Sastra, N. P. (2023). Analisis performansi jaringan sensor nirkabel berbasis Internet of Things menggunakan protokol MQTT. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi Asia, 17(1), 45–54.
Rahmandani, F., & Hidayat, T. (2021). Implementasi protokol komunikasi I2C dan SPI pada jaringan sensor terdistribusi. Jurnal Otomasi dan Kontrol Sistem, 8(1), 45–52.
Rosiana, E., Abdurahman, A., Irawati, I., & Joentera, R. (2024). Implementasi IoT menggunakan Google Spreadsheets pada sistem monitoring temperatur dan kelembaban ruangan. OKTAL: Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Science, 3(7), 1820–1828.
Saputra, A., & Hidayat, T. (2024). Sistem monitoring kualitas air pada budidaya ikan air tawar berbasis IoT dan Google Sheets. Jurnal Otomasi, Kontrol & Instrumentasi, 16(1), 33–42.
Setiawan, B., & Raharjo, S. (2021). Analisis komparasi performa protokol komunikasi I2C, SPI, dan UART pada mikrokontroler. Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer, 9(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.2021.13974
SparkFun Electronics. (2019, August 18). Serial communication basics: UART, SPI, and I2C explained. SparkFun Learn. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/serial-communication
Texas Instruments. (2021). Key differences between I2C, SPI, and UART interfaces (Technical White Paper No. SLYT789). Texas Instruments. https://www.ti.com/lit/wp/slyt789/slyt789.pdf
Valvano, J. W. (2019). Embedded systems: Real-time interfacing to ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers (Vol. 2). CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
Wibowo, A., & Nugroho, S. (2024). Penerapan Internet of Things (IoT) untuk monitoring dan pemberi pakan ikan otomatis secara real-time. Jurnal Teknik Informatika dan Sistem Informasi, 10(3), 201–210.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Cahyani Sinaga, Rasiban Rasiban
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Copyright Retention and Open Access License
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal non-exclusive right of first publication under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
This license allows unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2. Rights Granted Under CC BY 4.0
Under this license, readers are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use
- No additional restrictions — the licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as license terms are followed
3. Attribution Requirements
All uses must include:
- Proper citation of the original work
- Link to the Creative Commons license
- Indication if changes were made to the original work
- No suggestion that the licensor endorses the user or their use
4. Additional Distribution Rights
Authors may:
- Deposit the published version in institutional repositories
- Share through academic social networks
- Include in books, monographs, or other publications
- Post on personal or institutional websites
Requirement: All additional distributions must maintain the CC BY 4.0 license and proper attribution.
5. Self-Archiving and Pre-Print Sharing
Authors are encouraged to:
- Share pre-prints and post-prints online
- Deposit in subject-specific repositories (e.g., arXiv, bioRxiv)
- Engage in scholarly communication throughout the publication process
6. Open Access Commitment
This journal provides immediate open access to all content, supporting the global exchange of knowledge without financial, legal, or technical barriers.
