Technology Acceptance and Planned Behavior: How TikTok Impacts Digital Entrepreneurship Intention among University Students in Batam City

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35870/jtik.v9i3.3606

Keywords:

Digital Entrepreneurship Intention, Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, TikTok, University students

Abstract

TikTok application is changing the shape of the economy and how young people see it as an opportunity. This study investigates the impact of TikTok application on digital entrepreneurship intentions among university students in Batam City. Leveraging the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the research explores how perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence students' entrepreneurial aspirations. A quantitative method with purposive sampling was used, targeting 460 respondents. The findings reveal that TikTok's user-friendly features and algorithmic design significantly affect digital entrepreneurship intentions, facilitating accessibility and fostering innovative business practices. The results underscore the importance of integrating digital tools into entrepreneurship, providing practical insights for educators, platform developers, and young people to enhance entrepreneurial engagement in the digital economy. Despite geographical limitations, this study contributes to the theoretical understanding of technology-driven entrepreneurship and highlights areas for future exploration.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Cindy Juliandry, International University of Batam

    Information System Study Program, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam City, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia.

  • Indasari Deu, International University of Batam

    Information System Study Program, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam City, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia.

  • Eryc, International University of Batam

    Information System Study Program, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam City, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia.

References

Adhikari, G. P. (2021). Calculating the sample size in quantitative studies. Scholars Journal, 4, 14–29. https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42458.

Ahmad, M., Idrus, M., & Rijal, S. (2023). The role of education in fostering entrepreneurial spirit in the young generation. Journal of Contemporary Administration & Management, 1(2), 615–622. https://doi.org/10.61100/adman.v1i2.28.

Ahmmadi, P., Rahimian, M., & Movahed, R. G. (2021). Theory of planned behavior to predict consumer behavior in using products irrigated with purified wastewater in Iran consumer. Journal of Cleaner Production, 296, 126359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.26359.

Aichner, T., Grünfelder, M., Maurer, O., & Jegeni, D. (2021). Twenty-five years of social media: A review of social media applications and definitions from 1994 to 2019. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(4), 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.0134.

Alipour, N., Nazari-Shirkouhi, S., Sangari, M. S., & Vandchali, H. R. (2022). Lean, agile, resilient, and green human resource management: The impact on organizational innovation and organizational performance. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(55), 82812–82826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21576-1.

Al-Rahmi, A. M., et al. (2021). The influence of information system success and technology acceptance model on social media factors in education. Sustainability, 13(14), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147770.

Ardiansah, M. N. S., Azizah, A., & Sadida, A. (2024). Social commerce success impact on business performance insight from TikTok shop phenomena in Indonesia. 13(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v13i1.2778.

Arman, D., & Swastiwi, A. W. (2022). Batam City Development and Its Impact on the Indigenous Community of Orang Darat in Kampung Sadap, Rempang Island. Foreword by the Dean of the Faculty of Social and, 80.

Basri, W. S., & Siam, M. R. (2017). Maximizing the social media potential for small businesses and startups: A conceptual study. International Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(2), 341-346.

Bellaaj, M. (2023). Why and how do individual entrepreneurs use digital channels in an emerging market? Determinants of use and channel coordination. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 18(9), 2735–2764. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-08-2020-0882.

Bhandari, A., & Bimo, S. (2022). Why’s everyone on TikTok now? The algorithmized self and the future of self-making on social media. Social Media + Society, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221086241.

Bouichou, E. H., Abdoulaye, T., Allali, K., Bouayad, A., & Fadlaoui, A. (2021). Entrepreneurial intention among rural youth in Moroccan agricultural cooperatives: The future of rural entrepreneurship. Sustainability, 13(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169247.

Brahma, A., & Dutta, R. (2020). Role of social media and e-commerce for business entrepreneurship. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 3307, 01–18. https://doi.org/10.32628/cseit206559.

Chakraborty, U., & Biswal, S. K. (2023). Impact of social media participation on female entrepreneurs towards their digital entrepreneurship intention and psychological empowerment. Journal of Research in Marketing & Entrepreneurship, 25(3), 374–392. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRME-03-2021-0028.

D’Angelo, S. (2022). Building resilience now and for the future: Adolescent skills to address global challenges. Development Policy Review, 40(S2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12670.

Elia, G., Margherita, A., & Passiante, G. (2020). Digital entrepreneurship ecosystem: How digital technologies and collective intelligence are reshaping the entrepreneurial process. Technology Forecasting & Social Change, 150, 119791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119791.

Fussell, S. G., & Truong, D. (2022). Using virtual reality for dynamic learning: An extended technology acceptance model. Virtual Reality, 26(1), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-021-00554-x.

Geraldo, V. (2022). Kerja Sama Indonesia-Singapura di Bidang Ekonomi Digital melalui Pembentukan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Nongsa Digital Park di Batam (2018-2020). Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional LINO, 2(2), 128–142. https://doi.org/10.31605/lino.v2i2.1746.

Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, N. P. D., & Ray, S. (2021). An introduction to structural equation modeling. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 213, 3–6. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-538-8-3.

Haji-Othman, Y., & Yusuff, M. S. S. (2022). Assessing reliability and validity of attitude construct using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 12(5), 378–385. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i5/13289.

Hamdani, I., & Murdiansyah, I. (2023). The influence of interest in the use of Sia e-commerce on the TikTok application using the method of technology acceptance model (TAM). Journal of Economic Education & Entrepreneurship, 4(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.20527/jee.v4i2.9003.

Inieke, O., & Raimi-Lawal, B. M. (2021). Adopting social media as an information system – A case study of an internet service company in Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society, 19(1), 163–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-10-2019-0111.

Jennings, E. M. P. (2022). Short video marketing: a good strategy for small businesses on TikTok? (Doctoral dissertation).

Kanthawala, S., Cotter, K., Foyle, K., & DeCook, J. R. (2022). It’s the methodology for me: A systematic review of early approaches to studying TikTok. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2022-Janua, 3105–3121.

Kee, H., Heng, S. W., Mei, H., Huang, C., & Doshi, V. (2022). How does social media platforms help to improve business performances during the COVID-19 pandemic? A study of TikTok. Journal of The Community Development in Asia (JCDA) Vol, 5(1), 41-53.

Klug, D., Qin, Y., Evans, M., & Kaufman, G. (2021). Trick and please: A mixed-method study on user assumptions about the TikTok algorithm. ACM International Conference Proceedings Series, 84–92. https://doi.org/10.1145/3447535.3462512.

Kwan, M. C. (2023). The use of TikTok affiliate marketing for e-commerce and online business. Jurnal Adijaya Multidisplin, 1(01), 221-228.

La Barbera, F., & Ajzen, I. (2021). Moderating role of perceived behavioral control in the theory of planned behavior: A preregistered study. Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology, 5(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts5.83.

Lamimi, I. J., Alaoui, S. M., & Ouelfatmi, M. (2024). Bite-sized learning on TikTok: Exploring the platform's educational value within the framework of TAM (Technology Acceptance Theory). Open Journal of Social Sciences, 12(4), 228–245. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2024.124015.

Laurensia, V., Johan, N. J., Chandra, J. K., & Bahar, J. (2023). Pengaruh celebrity endorser dan price bundling terhadap keputusan pembelian produk the originote melalui TikTok. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisipline, 1(12), 458–474. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10446710.

Lestari, R., Pradani, T., & Digdowiseiso, K. (2022). The effects of digital marketing, entrepreneurship orientation, and product innovation on competitive advantage and its impact on the marketing performance of Talas Bolu Sangkuriang in Bogor City. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(1), 2081-2087.

Luan, N. T. (2024). Do Consumers Shop in Tiktok? The TAM Perspective.

Maheshwari, G., Kha, K. L., & Arokiasamy, A. R. A. (2023). Factors affecting students’ entrepreneurial intentions: a systematic review (2005–2022) for future directions in theory and practice. Management Review Quarterly, 73(4), 1903-1970.

Mahmudin, T. (2023). The importance of entrepreneurship education in preparing the young generation to face global economic challenges. Journal of Contemporary Administration & Management, 1(3), 187–192. https://doi.org/10.61100/adman.v1i3.78.

McCashin, D., & Murphy, C. M. (2023). Using TikTok for public and youth mental health – A systematic review and content analysis. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 28(1), 279–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104522110608.

Mia, M. M., Zayed, N. M., Islam, K. M. A., Nitsenko, V., Matusevych, T., & Mordous, I. (2022). The strategy of factors influencing learning satisfaction explored by first and second-order structural equation modeling (SEM). Inventions, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030059.

Mohr, S., & Kühl, R. (2021). Acceptance of artificial intelligence in German agriculture: An application of the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior. Precision Agriculture, 22(6), 1816–1844.

Montag, C., Yang, H., & Elhai, J. D. (2021). On the psychology of TikTok use: A first glimpse from empirical findings. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.641673.

Mumi, A. (2022). Social media as a strategic capability for startups and the mediating role of social capital. Business Theory and Practice, 23(2), 302–312. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2022.16954.

Na, S., Heo, S., Han, S., Shin, Y., & Roh, Y. (2022). Acceptance model of artificial intelligence (AI)-based technologies in construction firms: Applying the technology acceptance model (TAM) in combination with the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework. Buildings, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020090.

Nadlifatin, R., et al. (2021). Social media-based online entrepreneurship approach on millennials: A measurement of job pursuit intention on multi-level marketing. Procedia Computer Science, 197, 110–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.124.

Olsson, A. K., & Bernhard, I. (2021). Keeping up the pace of digitalization in small businesses–Women entrepreneurs’ knowledge and use of social media. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(2), 378–396. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2019-0615.

Pan, H. X. (2023). Factors affecting digital entrepreneurial intention among females (Doctoral dissertation, UTAR).

Phuong Dung, P. T., Minh An, H., Q. Huy, P., & Le Dinh Quy, N. (2023). Understanding the startup’s intention of digital marketing’s learners: An application of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and technology acceptance method (TAM). Cogent Business & Management, 10(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2219415.

Purbasari, R., Muttaqin, Z., & Sari, D. S. (2021). Identification of actors and factors in the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem: The case of digital platform-based MSMEs in Indonesia. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 10, 164-187.

Putra, W. B. T. S. (2022). Problems, common beliefs, and procedures on the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in business research. South Asian Journal of Social Studies & Economics, 14(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2022/v14i130367.

Qin, Y., Omar, B., & Musetti, A. (2022). The addiction behavior of short-form video app TikTok: The information quality and system quality perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.932805.

Rugova, B., & Prenaj, B. (2016). Social media as marketing tool for SMEs: opportunities and challenges. Academic Journal of Business, 2(3), 85-97.

Saleem, A., Aslam, J., Kim, Y. B., Nauman, S., & Khan, N. T. (2022). Motives towards e-shopping adoption among Pakistani consumers: An application of the technology acceptance model and theory of reasoned action. Sustainability, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074180.

Sama, H., Wibowo, T., & Tukino. (2023). Analysis of the use of distance learning technology in universities in the Riau Islands Province with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Journal of Science and Education in IPA, 9(12), 11070–11077. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.5836.

Sari, K. H., Supriadi, A., & Rakhman, M. A. (2024). The influence of using TikTok application on the establishment of student entrepreneurial spirit. Journal of Educational Technology & Research, 9(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v9i1.10065.

Sartika, S. H., & Santosa, A. D. (2023). Digital Entrepreneurship Intention on University Student using Theory of Planned Behavior. Co-Value Jurnal Ekonomi Koperasi dan kewirausahaan, 14(5).

Secundo, G., Del Vecchio, P., & Mele, G. (2021). Social media for entrepreneurship: myth or reality? A structured literature review and a future research agenda. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(1), 149-177. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2020-0453.

Shahzalal, M., & Adnan, H. M. (2022). Attitude, self-control, and prosocial norm to predict intention to use social media responsibly: From scale to model fit towards a modified theory of planned behavior. Sustainability, 14(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169822.

Sharabati, A. A. A., Al-Haddad, S., Al-Khasawneh, M., Nababteh, N., Mohammad, M., & Abu Ghoush, Q. (2022). The impact of TikTok user satisfaction on continuous intention to use the application. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3), 125.

Sitompul, D. P., & Ferawati, F. (2021). The influence of social media advertising on purchasing decisions at startup companies. Almana Journal of Management and Business, 5(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.36555/almana.v5i1.1527.

Sudirman, L., & Setiawan, M. (2024). Effectiveness of the Free Trade Zone Policy as a solution to improve the economy in Batam. 2(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.14710/tpwk.2016.10619.

Szymkowiak, A., Melović, B., Dabić, M., Jeganathan, K., & Kundi, G. S. (2021). Information technology and Gen Z: The role of teachers, the internet, and technology in the education of young people. Technology in Society, 65, 101565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101565.

Tajpour, M., & Hosseini, E. (2021). Entrepreneurial intention and the performance of digital startups: The mediating role of social media. Journal of Content, Community, and Communication, 13(7), 2–15. https://doi.org/10.31620/JCCC.06.21/02.

Turra, G. M. S., & Melinda, T. (2021). Personal attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control: Differentiating factors of entrepreneurial intention of high school students who are joining and not joining the entrepreneurship education in an international school. KnE Social Sciences, 2021, 366–377. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v5i5.8823.

Waheed, M. N. S., Sattar, S., & Bhatti, Z. I. (2022). Social media encourages women entrepreneurship: A study of challenges and empowerment. International Journal of Management, Innovation, and Leadership, 7(2), 596–605. https://doi.org/10.13187/ijmil.2022.2.596.

Wang, C., et al. (2023). An empirical evaluation of technology acceptance model for Artificial Intelligence in E-commerce. Heliyon, 9(8), e18349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18349.

Wang, S., Sun, Z., Li, M., Zhang, H., Hosny, A., & Metwally, S. (2024). Leveraging TikTok for active learning in management education: An extended technology acceptance model approach. International Journal of Management Education, 22(3), 101009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.101009.

Wiryawan, D., Kamal, A. A., Raihandhika, A. F., Luhur, K. W. M., Luhukay, D., & Pitchay, A. A. (2023). Analysis of factors in TikTok shopping cart and live streaming that affect TikTok application user satisfaction. 6th International Conference on Information Communication Technology, ICOIACT 2023, 143–147. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOIACT59844.2023.10455882.

Yu, J., Pauleen, D. J., Taskin, N., & Jafarzadeh, H. (2022). Building social media-based knowledge ecosystems for enhancing business resilience through mass collaboration. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(5), 1063–1084. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-12-2020-2542.

Downloads

Published

2025-07-01

Issue

Section

Computer & Communication Science

How to Cite

Juliandry, C., Deu, I., & Eryc. (2025). Technology Acceptance and Planned Behavior: How TikTok Impacts Digital Entrepreneurship Intention among University Students in Batam City. Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi), 9(3), 877-895. https://doi.org/10.35870/jtik.v9i3.3606

Most read articles by the same author(s)