The Influence of Digital Financial Services, Social Media, and Buy Now Pay Later on Over-Indebtedness with Financial Literacy as a Moderating Variable

Authors

  • Helma Yuliyana Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta
  • Abdul Mukti Soma Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35870/ijmsit.v6i2.7748

Keywords:

Digital Financial Services, Financial Literacy, Buy Now Pay Later, Over-Indebtedness, Young Generation

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of digital financial services and financial literacy on the issue of over-indebtedness among Millennials and Generation Z in Jakarta. Utilizing a quantitative approach with a causal design, data were gathered from 254 participants through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings reveal that both digital financial services and financial literacy significantly influence over-indebtedness. Notably, higher levels of over-indebtedness correspond to more effective debt management and reduced financial distress. This suggests that leveraging digital financial services, alongside enhanced financial literacy, fosters improved financial stability in younger demographics. In contrast, social media and Buy Now Pay Later options did not demonstrate significant effects, and financial literacy did not serve as a moderating factor in the examined relationships. This research enriches the understanding of youth financial behavior within the digital economy and offers actionable insights for promoting financial literacy and risk management strategies aimed at sustaining financial well-being among Millennials and Generation Z.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Helma Yuliyana, Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta

    Management Study Program, Faculty of Social Economics and Humanities, Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Jakarta City, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia

  • Abdul Mukti Soma, Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta

    Management Study Program, Faculty of Social Economics and Humanities, Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Jakarta City, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia

References

Abizar, M., Indriayu, M., & Hindrayani, A. (2023, July 2). Influence of digital wallets and financial literacy on consumptive behavior of students in Surakarta City. Oikos, https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/oikos/article/view/6439/3605.

Abu Daqar, M. A. M., Arqawi, S., & Karsh, S. A. (2020). Fintech in the eyes of Millennials and Generation Z: The financial behavior and fintech perception. Banks and Bank Systems, 15(3), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(3).2020.03

Adzkiya, H., Pamularsih, R. G., Nisa, T., & Sholikha, A. F. (2022). Peningkatan literasi keuangan melalui sosialisasi peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam upaya perlindungan masyarakat terhadap lembaga keuangan ilegal di Desa Suro. Proceedings of UINSAIZU, https://proceedings.uinsaizu.ac.id/index.php/kampelmas/article/view/423.

Agarwal, S., & Zhang, J. (2020). FinTech, lending and payment innovation: A review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 49(3), 353–367. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12294

Aisjah, S. (2024). Intention to use buy-now-pay-later payment system among university students: A combination of financial parenting, financial self-efficacy, and social media intensity. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2306705

Aji, H. M., & Adawiyah, W. R. (2022). How e-wallets encourage excessive spending behavior among young adult consumers? Journal of Asia Business Studies, 16, 868–884. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-01-2021-0025

Alfarizi, M. (2023). Interaction of customer satisfaction and retention of digital services: PLS evidence from Indonesian sharia banking. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF), 6. https://doi.org/10.18196/ijief.v6i1.16824

Alkhwaldi, A. F. (2024). Digital transformation in financial industry: Antecedents of fintech adoption, financial literacy and quality of life. International Journal of Law and Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-11-2023-0249

Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E., & Pallesen, S. (2016). The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30(2), 252–262. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000160

Asari, A., Nababan, D., Amane, A. P. O., Kusbandiyah, J., Lestari, N. C., Hertati, L., Maswar, M., Farlina, B. F., Pandowo, A., Purba, M. L., Zulkarnaini, Z., & Ainun, A. N. A. (2023). Dasar penelitian kuantitatif. Repository Universitas Malang. https://repository.um.ac.id/5454/.

Asrun, N. A., & Gunawan, A. (2024). Pengaruh gaya hidup dan media sosial terhadap perilaku konsumtif generasi Z di Kota Medan dengan literasi keuangan sebagai media intervening. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Dan Keuangan, 5, 173–186. https://doi.org/10.51805/jmbk.v5i1.205

Badan Pusat Statistik, Indonesia. (2020, September). Hasil Sensus Penduduk (SP2020) pada September 2020 mencatat jumlah penduduk sebesar 270,20 juta jiwa. https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2021/01/21/1854/hasil-sensus-penduduk--sp2020--pada-september-2020-mencatat-jumlah-penduduk-sebesar-270-20-juta-jiwa-.html.

Bartosiak, A., Lee, J. E., & Loibl, C. (2025). Fear of missing out, social media influencers, and the social, psychological and financial wellbeing of young consumers. PLoS ONE, 20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319034

BPS-Statistics Indonesia DKI Jakarta. (2025). Jumlah penduduk menurut kelompok umur dan jenis kelamin (ribu jiwa) di Provinsi DKI Jakarta, 2025 - Statistical Data. https://jakarta.bps.go.id/en/statistics-table/3/WVc0MGEyMXBkVFUxY25KeE9HdDZkbTQzWkVkb1p6MDkjMw%3D%3D/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-kelompok-umur-dan-jenis-kelamin-di-provinsi-dki-jakarta--2020.

Bryła, P., Chatterjee, S., & Ciabiada-Bryła, B. (2022). The impact of social media marketing on consumer engagement in sustainable consumption: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416637

Choerudin, A., Waprindyastuti, R., & Khasanah, L. D. (2023). Literasi keuangan. PT Global Eksekutif Teknologi

Chowdhury, S. N., Faruque, M. O., Sharmin, S., Talukder, T., Mahmud, M. A. A., Dastagir, G., & Akter, S. (2024a). The impact of social media marketing on consumer behavior: A study of the fashion retail industry. Open Journal of Business and Management, 12, 1666–1699. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2024.123090

Chowdhury, S. N., Faruque, M. O., Sharmin, S., Talukder, T., Mahmud, M. A. A., Dastagir, G., & Akter, S. (2024b). The impact of social media marketing on consumer behavior: A study of the fashion retail industry. Open Journal of Business and Management, 12, 1666–1699. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2024.123090

Di Maggio, M., & Yao, V. (2021). Fintech borrowers: Lax screening or cream-skimming? The Review of Financial Studies, 34(10), 4565–4618. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhaa142

Frigerio, M., Ottaviani, C., & Vandone, D. (2020). A meta-analytic investigation of consumer over-indebtedness: The role of impulsivity. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 44, 328–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12570

Frost, J., Gambacorta, L., Huang, Y., Shin, H. S., & Zbinden, P. (2019). BigTech and the changing structure of financial intermediation. Economic Policy, 34(100), 761–799. https://doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eiaa003

Gunawan, H., Andara, M. R., & Hardayu, A. P. (2025). Dampak media sosial, influencer marketing dan periklanan online terhadap perilaku pembelian impulsif generasi Z di Indonesia: Peran FOMO. Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 8, 874–880. https://doi.org/10.31004/jrpp.v8i1.41622

Gutiérrez-Nieto, B., Serrano-Cinca, C., & de la Cuesta-González, M. (2017). A multivariate study of over-indebtedness’ causes and consequences. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 41, 188–198. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12324

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7

Hayani, N., & Alsukri, S. (2021). Dimensi e-Servqual dan dampaknya terhadap e-satisfaction layanan mobile banking. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 7. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v7i2.2275

Hoo, W. C., Khee, K. H., Wolor, C. W., Teck, T. S., & Toh, J. S. (2024). Determinants of intention to use buy now pay later (BNPL). Journal of Lifestyle and SDG’s Review, 5. https://doi.org/10.47172/2965-730X.SDGsReview.v5.n01.pe02698

Hurwitz, C. (2024, August 5). What is doom spending? All about this financial trend. Oprah Daily. https://www.oprahdaily.com/life/work-money/a61743983/what-is-doom-spending/.

Idris, N. H., Rahim, F. A., & Kassim, S. (2019). The influence of digital technologies and consumer’s over-indebtedness. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i1/5504

Ighomereho, S. O., Ojo, A. A., Omoyele, S. O., & Olabode, S. O. (2022). From service quality to e-service quality: Measurement, dimensions and model. arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.00055. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2205.00055

Ispriyahadi, H., Wati, L. N., Saputra, W., Darwis, H., & Zaenudin, Z. (2022). Does fintech literation affect cashless society and individual shopping culture? IJCF. https://ijcf.ticaret.edu.tr/index.php/ijcf/article/view/298.

Jennifer, J., & Widoatmodjo, S. (2023). The influence of financial knowledge, financial literacy, and financial technology on financial management behavior among young adults. International Journal of Application on Economics and Business, 1, 344–353. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijaeb.v1i1.344-353

Jiménez-Solomon, O., Irwin, G., Melanie, W., & Christopher, W. (2024). When money and mental health problems pile up: The reciprocal relationship between income and psychological distress. SSM - Population Health, 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101624

Koksal, M. H. (2016). The intentions of Lebanese consumers to adopt mobile banking. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 34, 327–346. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-03-2015-0025

Krisnawati, A., & Sam, D. M. R. (2024a). The impact of debt literacy on over-indebtedness of buy now pay later (BNPL) users in West Java (pp. 203–213). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463

Leandro, J. C., & Botelho, D. (2022). Consumer over-indebtedness: A review and future research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 145, 535–551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.023

Muninggar, R. A., & Rahardiansah, T. (2024). Pemberdayaan Hukum Pembayaran Digital melalui Penggunaan Teknologi Quick Response Code Indonesian Standar di Masyarakat. Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 6(3), 394-417. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v6i3.394-417

Downloads

Published

2026-07-21

How to Cite

Yuliyana, H., & Soma, A. M. (2026). The Influence of Digital Financial Services, Social Media, and Buy Now Pay Later on Over-Indebtedness with Financial Literacy as a Moderating Variable. International Journal of Management Science and Information Technology, 6(2), 1261-1272. https://doi.org/10.35870/ijmsit.v6i2.7748