An Integrated Community-Based Human Resource Management Framework for Sustainable Economic Development: Insights from Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35870/ijmsit.v6i2.7676Keywords:
Human Resource Management, Human Capital, Community-Based Development, Sustainable Economic Development, Sustainable Human Resource Management, Conceptual FrameworkAbstract
Human Resource Management (HRM) has become a strategic determinant of sustainable economic development amid globalization, digital transformation, and the transition toward a knowledge-based economy. Although previous studies have extensively examined the relationships between Human Resource Management, Human Capital, Community-Based Development (CBD), and Sustainable Economic Development (SED), these concepts have largely been investigated independently, resulting in limited understanding of their integrated role in promoting inclusive and sustainable development. This study aims to develop an integrated conceptual framework that explains how Human Resource Management contributes to Sustainable Economic Development through Human Capital Development and is strengthened by Community-Based Development within the Indonesian context. A conceptual research design was employed using a structured literature review approach. Relevant studies indexed in the Scopus database were systematically identified, screened, synthesized, and critically analyzed to establish conceptual relationships among the four constructs. The findings propose the Integrated Community-Based Human Resource Management Framework, which positions Human Resource Management as a strategic driver for developing Human Capital through competency development, lifelong learning, talent management, and capacity building. Community-Based Development functions as an enabling mechanism that transforms individual capabilities into collective capacity through participation, empowerment, collaboration, and institutional strengthening, ultimately contributing to productivity growth, innovation, competitiveness, social inclusion, and long-term sustainable economic development. The framework further highlights the dynamic interaction between Human Capital Development and Community-Based Development through a feedback mechanism influenced by contextual drivers, including digital transformation, institutional governance, public policy, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study contributes to the literature by integrating Human Resource Management, Human Capital, Community-Based Development, and Sustainable Economic Development into a unified conceptual framework that extends the role of Human Resource Management beyond organizational performance toward a development-oriented perspective. The proposed framework also provides strategic insights for policymakers, organizations, educational institutions, and community stakeholders in designing more inclusive and sustainable human resource development policies.
Downloads
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2026). Tenaga Kerja Dalam Angka. Accessed on July 26, https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table?subject=520&sortBy=date%2Ctitle&sortOrder=desc%2Casc
Bahri, M. I., Adi, R., & Wistiasari, D. (2026). The circular bioeconomy: Institutional and production perspectives. International Journal of Environmental Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2026.2618683
Bahri, M. I., Dermawan, A. A., & Tambunan, A. A. (2025). Public-private collaborations in smart cities: Startup-driven innovations in e-government. In Startup-Driven E-Government: Digital Innovation for Sustainable Ecosystems (pp. 61–86). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-0817-3.ch003
Bahri, M. I., Sirojuzilam, S., Rujiman, R., & Kismawadi, E. R. (2021). The influence of youth in regional development through the management of Aceh’s special autonomy fund in Langsa City. E-Mabis: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.29103/e-mabis.v22i1.650
Bahri, M. I., Tambunan, A. A., & Zulfikar. (2025). Transformation of human resource management in the era of regional decentralization and digital revolution: A literature review and its implications. Jurnal Manajemen Rekayasa dan Inovasi Bisnis, 3, 92–117. https://doi.org/10.62375/jmrib.v3i2.451
Becker, G. S. (2002). Human capital (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
Boadu, E. S. (2021). Indigenizing participation for sustainable community-based development programmes in Ghana. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 56(7), 1658-1677. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021909620979333
Chiappetta, C. J. (2022). Green Human Resources in Latin American Organizations: A Review of the State of the Art and Future Directions. In: Paillé, P. (eds) Green Human Resource Management Research. Sustainable Development Goals Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06558-3_6
Cooke, F. L., et al. (2024). Developing organizations’ dynamic capabilities and employee mental health in the face of heightened geopolitical tensions, polarized societies and grand societal challenges. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 35(5), 767–778. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2024.2307751
Dhakal, S. P. (2024). Local Tourism Businesses in the Digital Era: Implications for Bridging the Critical Skills Gap in Indonesia. In The Future of Work in the Asia Pacific (pp. 146-157). Routledge.
Dinda Puspitaa, Ellida Novita Lidya, Firdasari, & Bahri, M. I. (2022). Analysis of successful factors in the halal tourism facilities development project. IHTIYATH: Jurnal Manajemen Keuangan Syariah, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.32505/ihtiyath.v6i2.5187
Gazi, M. A. I., et al. (2025). The triadic relationship between green human resource management, innovation, and pro-environmental behaviour. Environ. Res. Commun. 7 015016. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ada676
Gomes, D. (2026). Understanding the Indirect Effects of Sustainable HRM: Cognitive and Relational Pathways to Engagement and Performance. Business Strategy and the Environment. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70640
Gruzina, Y., Firsova, I., & Strielkowski, W. (2021). Dynamics of human capital development in economic development cycles. Economies, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9020067
Islam, M. S., & Amin, M. (2022). A systematic review of human capital and employee well-being: Putting human capital back on the track. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(5–6), 504–534. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-12-2020-0177
Jaakkola, E. (2020). Designing conceptual articles: Four approaches. AMS Review, 10(1–2), 18–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13162-020-00161-0
Jain, K. V. (2025). Integrating sustainability principles into human resource management: An emerging trend.
Jannah, N., Bahri, M. I., Kismawadi, E. R., & Handriana, T. (2024). The effect of green brand image and green satisfaction on green brand equity mediated green trust outpatients. Quality – Access to Success, 25(198). https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.40
Kayat, K. (2016). Community-based tourism initiative in rural Malaysia: Is it a success?
Koster, R. L. (2019). Community-based tourism as an antidote for being part of the boring bits in between: A case study of Terrace Bay, Ontario, Canada.
Mahmoud, M. H. (2026). Governing digital HRM transformation: balancing innovation, accountability and sustainability. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-09-2025-0673
Mascarenhas, A. O. (2019). Sustainable human resource management and social and environmental responsibility: An agenda for debate. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 59, 353-364. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020190505
Nastase, M. (2019). The specific elements of strategic human resources management for competitive business development. Industria Textila, 70(6), 579-586. https://doi.org/10.35530/IT.070.06.1749
Pongsakornrungsilp, P., et al. (2026). Institutionalizing Sustainability Through Management Innovation: Transformative Collaborative Learning in a Community-Based Service Ecosystem. Sustainability, 18(9), 4498. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18094498
Ramgolam, G. (2025). The role of sustainable human resource management practices to achieve sustainable employee performance–literature review and future research directions. The Learning Organization. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-01-2025-0014
Shah, S. M. A., et al. (2021). Linking Green Human Resource Practices and Environmental Economics Performance: The Role of Green Economic Organizational Culture and Green Psychological Climate. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10953. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010953
Tambunan, A. A., Anazmi, F., & Tabuni, L. (2025). Analisis kesesuaian pola ruang dengan potensi pengembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Mempawah. Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge. https://doi.org/10.53625/jirk.v4i8.9791
Tsasni, A., et al. (2025). Advancing Local Livestock: A Strategic Community-Based Development for Pasundan Cattle Breeding in West Java. AGRARIS: Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Research, 11(2), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.18196/agraris.v11i2.687
Utami, N. W. (2026). Empowering Educational Communities Through Financial Literacy in Mathematics Education. In Community Empowerment Through Governance, Circular Economy, and Social Innovation (pp. 179-208). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-6122-2.ch007
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Irvanni Bahri, Roni Adi, Fatmaida Naila Ansori, Siti Nur Maulidina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Copyright Retention and Open Access License
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal non-exclusive right of first publication under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
This license allows unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2. Rights Granted Under CC BY 4.0
Under this license, readers are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use
- No additional restrictions — the licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as license terms are followed
3. Attribution Requirements
All uses must include:
- Proper citation of the original work
- Link to the Creative Commons license
- Indication if changes were made to the original work
- No suggestion that the licensor endorses the user or their use
4. Additional Distribution Rights
Authors may:
- Deposit the published version in institutional repositories
- Share through academic social networks
- Include in books, monographs, or other publications
- Post on personal or institutional websites
Requirement: All additional distributions must maintain the CC BY 4.0 license and proper attribution.
5. Self-Archiving and Pre-Print Sharing
Authors are encouraged to:
- Share pre-prints and post-prints online
- Deposit in subject-specific repositories (e.g., arXiv, bioRxiv)
- Engage in scholarly communication throughout the publication process
6. Open Access Commitment
This journal provides immediate open access to all content, supporting the global exchange of knowledge without financial, legal, or technical barriers.
